Plastic surgery billing that separates covered reconstruction from cosmetic cleanly

Plastic surgery runs a dual book: covered reconstruction and cash-pay cosmetic. The line between them is documentation. We code reconstruction for medical necessity approval and manage cash-pay cosmetic as its own revenue stream.

Where plastic surgery practices lose revenue

We see the same patterns across plastic surgery groups. The leaks are specific, recurring, and fixable with coding discipline and payer-aware claim construction.

  1. Reconstructive vs cosmetic distinction and documentation
  2. Breast reconstruction coding (19340 to 19380)
  3. Skin grafts and flaps with size and site documentation
  4. Cash-pay cosmetic workflow separate from insurance
  5. Photo documentation for reconstruction authorization
CPT specimen sheet

High-volume Plastic Surgery codes we code and appeal

Not a complete list. A representative slice of the codes that drive revenue and denials for plastic surgery practices.

CodeDescriptionProfile
15100Split-thickness skin graft, first 100 sq cmHigh volume
15734Myocutaneous flap, trunkModifier-sensitive
19340Immediate breast reconstructionDenial-prone
19357Breast reconstruction with tissue expanderHigh volume
15877Suction lipectomy, trunkModifier-sensitive
17999Unlisted procedure, skin (cosmetic)Denial-prone

How we run plastic surgery billing

Reconstructive documentation built around medical necessity (functional impairment, congenital anomaly, post-surgical, post-trauma). Cosmetic workflow separated into cash-pay with pre-payment. Photo documentation coordinated for reconstruction auth.

What the common denials look like and how we fix them

Pattern we see. Reconstruction denied as cosmetic without functional impairment documentation, panniculectomy (15830, 15847) denied without BMI and hygiene complication history, and breast reduction (19318) denied without conservative therapy documentation.

How we fix it. Every denial is logged against its CARC/RARC code and routed to a coder who owns the appeal. We rebuild the claim with the documentation the payer is actually asking for, not a generic reconsideration letter. Recovery rate on appealable plastic surgery denials averages above 60 percent.

Can you handle both insurance and cash-pay cosmetic?
Yes. Two separate workflows. Insurance for reconstructive with medical necessity and pre-auth. Cash-pay for cosmetic with pre-payment, consent, and financial agreements.
How do you document medical necessity for reconstruction?
Functional impairment, failed conservative therapy, photo documentation, and specialty-specific criteria (e.g., panniculus overhanging for panniculectomy, symptomatic macromastia for breast reduction).
Do you handle cosmetic self-pay workflow?
Yes. Cosmetic tracked outside insurance with self-pay contracts, deposit schedules, and pre-op financial clearance. We help structure the self-pay workflow so there is no confusion at surgery time.
Can you bill reconstructive after cancer or trauma?
Yes. Breast reconstruction after mastectomy (covered under federal WHCRA), reconstructive after Mohs or trauma, and the medical necessity documentation payers require to distinguish reconstructive from cosmetic.
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